South African History Online

Address by President of the Republic of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, at the World Economic Forum, Southern Africa summit

Cape Town, 9 June 1994

Your Excellencies;
President Sam Nujoma of Namibia
President Robert
Mugabe of Zimbabwe
President Hassan Mwinyi of Tanzania
Visiting Cabinet
Ministers
Business Leaders, and
Fellow South Africans

Allow me to express my gratitude to the organisers of the World Economic
Forum for this timely August summit of Southern African leaders and world
business. It is particularly significant for us that this summit should take
place in South Africa, and Cape Town in particular, so soon after the
epoch-making changes that have taken place.

That we can meet at this level, at the southern tip of the continent, is
tribute to a mission fulfilled. We once more express our profound gratitude to
your excellencies, the business leaders and the world at large for the generous
solidarity you extended to us during the dark days of apartheid.

The rebirth that we celebrate in South Africa is indeed a rebirth of the
region and the continent. This is our collective achievement which has opened up
new opportunities for us to exploit our great potential and, indeed, to boldly
cross the threshold to a new and great era. At last, Africa in general and
Southern Africa in particular, can build a new all-inclusive partnership based
on freedom democracy and social justice.

For us in South Africa, this is a time of great joy. Joy at the discovery, as
a united people, of our common humanity, our common interests and our common
destiny.

Ours is a delicate transition. But we are confident that we have entered it
with a new national spirit. The first democratic elections which we have just
conducted and the atmosphere of peace that has prevailed in this period inspires
us with confidence that we shall succeed in our endeavours.

Lest we forget the transformation we are living through is the result of
years of intensive and protracted struggle. It is a result of difficult and
sometimes harrowing negotiations. A process that ultimately resulted in the
meeting of minds among the major political players.

We are heartened by the progress already made by the Government of National
Unity in reaching consensus on the most important challenges facing the
nation.

Differences do remain. But they manifest themselves within the context of
no-racial democracy. There is a spirit abroad to ensure that we achieve the
common objectives that we have set ourselves, primarily to build a better life
for all our people and ensure peace, stability and economic growth. The
Constitutional Assembly will soon sit to draft a new constitution for the
country. And we are confident that the spirit of consensus-seeking which
characterised the multi-party negotiations will display itself fully in this
regard.

Quite certainly, transitions everywhere do breed uncertainty. And South
Africa is no exception. In particular, we experienced significant outflows of
capital, and we still experience caution among domestic and foreign investors.
But the tide is turning, occasioned by the manifest display of a national
togetherness that South Africa has hitherto never experienced.

We face a long and hard road to address the havoc wrought by decades of
apartheid. The challenge to ensure social justice and stability is as urgent as
it is crucial.

Put in brief, this means building a people-centred and caring society.

It requires that we use all our resources and skills to broaden the base of
the economy and ensure that it serves all the people.

It demands that we enlarge the pool of skills and unleash the energies of the
people, as a whole, to contribute to the twin processes of nation-building and
economic development.

It also entails addressing the disparities in residential infrastructure,
income distribution, provision of health facilities and educational
opportunities.

The Government of National Unity is of the unanimous view that all this needs
to be done urgently. But also that he reconstruction and development targets
that we set ourselves should not upset macro-economic balances and undermine
fiscal discipline.

All of us recognise that peace and stability are crucial for economic growth
and development. We are determined to ensure that all South Africans, including
those who fear democracy, can rest assured in the knowledge that change is in
their interest too.

This challenge is as much as South African one as it applies to the region as
a whole. Now that we have redeemed our pledge with destiny, the people of
Southern Africa can start in earnest to build a peaceful and developing
sub-continent. We have urgently resolve the problems of conflict in parts of the
region, whilst we undo the effects of apartheid destabilisation.

Now we can together address the legacy of colonial under-development and
imbalances within and among countries of the region. We can together galvanise
the human and material resources that the region commands, to serve the people.
We can together develop the physical infrastructure necessary for development
across all countries.

For these goals to be achieved, we need to start setting out the integrated
strategies required. This also means urgently addressing the emerging patterns
that would, in the long run, not benefit the region.

The lop-sided development bequeathed us by our colonial past has resulted in
the relative under-development of many countries of the region. Related to this
is the danger of unhealthy migration of capital as well as skilled personnel to
areas with developed infrastructure. It is to the overall advantage of the
region that this trend is arrested and reversed. More accurately, it needs to be
obviated through strategies for regional economic integration.

In the more distant future, our common objective is the realisation to the
Treaty of Abudja, the creation of an African Common Market. In the near future,
we are faced with the task of ensuring that the programmes of both the SADC and
COMESA are realised in the new political and social context. With regional
integration will emerge a mutually beneficial arrangement regarding movement of
goods, capital and labour.

Such regional integration will need to address the broad task of
reconstruction and development in the entire region.

We will venture to say, that modern economic planning dictates that
international co-operation requires more that just agreements on macro-economic
imperatives and broad development projects. For, impacting on these factors is
the basic question on how the partners jointly and severally create an economic
environment which attracts investments and benefits ordinary people.

This means jointly grappling with issues such as:

• delivery of employment, shelter, nutrition, health, and education and
  training or some 100-million people on a sustainable basis.
• prioritising the areas, within our own countries, most in need, and doing
  it in such a way that we stimulate sustainable growth and development,
• seeking and finding the balance between our noble goals and the resource
  opportunities and constraints.
• avoiding economic and financial arrangements, including the debt-trap,
  which can only have the effect of eroding countries sovereignty.

We who are only starting to take the first steps our of the mire of racial
subjugation, are well aware that the experience countries of the region have
gathered will stand us in good stead. We can only benefit from the new
relationship that is emerging.

As we take our rightful place among nations of Africa, South Africa commits
itself to join our neighbours in rising to the mammoth challenge presented by
growing affliction in many parts of the world known as "Afro-pessimism' - loss
of confidence in our continent's capacity to overcome under-development and
declining standards.

It is task which we are called upon to undertake with a singleness of purpose
and with confidence, remembering that the thriving countries of Asia, the
so-called Asian Tigers were only 20 years ago written off as hopeless basket
cases. This can only be achieved if there is purposeful interaction among our
countries.

Democratic South Africa enters this new partnership as one player amongst
many. We harbour no desire to be the dominant partner, for the region and South
Africa itself would lose in the long run. We entertain no illusion of becoming
the regional benefactor because such capacity we do not possess.

Rather, we seek to join governments of the region in taking up the cudgels on
behalf of all the peoples. We seek to join them in attracting significant
investment flows and in reaching beneficial trade agreements. Along with
countries of the region we are determined to ensure that the goods mined,
harvested and manufactured in the region become internationally competitive. We
are committed to strengthen regional institutions such as the SADC and COMESA
and at the same time strengthen bilateral relations with each of our
neighbours.

This we resolved to do both as a government and in partnership with various
institutions of civil society such as business houses, trade unions, as well as
educational, health and other bodies.

We are confident that South Africa will soon achieve the rates of growth
necessary for us to meet our objectives. The last two quarters have demonstrated
that GDP growth is on the upswing. This will be of benefit not only to South
Africa's people but will help the movement towards greater Southern African
prosperity.

The path that South Africa has traversed might be unique in many respects.
But, to the extent that we have based ourselves on the experiences of Southern
Africa and Africa as a whole, it is a common achievement and common
heritage.

One month into post-colonial Africa, in the true sense of the word, we are
confident that regional and continental efforts will ensure that the injunction
- God Bless Africa - find full expression in our prosperity.