A Defiance Campaign was launched by the United Democratic Front (UDF) against bannings, restrictions and segregation of hospitals and other public facilities. This Defiance Campaign was similar in certain aspects to the 1952 Defiance Campaign. However, the 1989 campaign was primarily a civil rights campaign involving church and community leaders and the aim of it was to rebuild mass organisations. The campaign was also taken by the mood that characterised the “Day of Rage” on the previous day against the Tricameral Parliamentary election and ended by calling for a national mass protest against the election. The election was scheduled for 6 September 1989.

Sources:

Books:
Weekly Mail Reporter. (1989). “Day of Rage”, Weekly Mail and Guardian: Vol 5. No 34, 1 September - 7 September.