CONTENTS

Acknowledgements

Introduction

Key Words

Abstract

Declaration

CHAPTER ONE : The Historical Context of the Luthuli Detachment Guerrillas

• Political activity in Africa

• The environment of exile politics

• Resuscitating the struggle in South Africa

• Constraints of armed struggle in the South African context

• The search for a route home via Mozambique

CHAPTER TWO : A Brief History of the Context of the ZAPU Guerrillas

• Who then were the ZAPU guerrillas?

• The Chimurenga war in Rhodesia after UDI

• The plan underpinning the ANC-ZAPU alliance

• Preparations for the trip home

CHAPTER THREE: The Long March

• The guerrillas enter Rhodesian soil

• The first week of the march

• The detachment splits into two

• Who were the Rhodesian security forces that the ANC-ZAPU guerrillas would soon come into contact with?

• When was the first guerrilla caught?

• The Battle of Nyatuwe

• The Rhodesians drop leaflets – ‘Surrender or die'

• The South African Security Police become involved

• A Coloured man took them across the river

• What happened to the Lupane-bound group after the battle of Nyatuwe?

• ANC-ZAPU issues a joint communiqué

• The South African-bound group continues marching south

• The South African-bound group clash with the Rhodesian security forces

  The guerrillas shoot at four black Rhodesian soldiers

• The OAU intervenes

CHAPTER FOUR: The Archival Documents of the Rhodesian and South African Security Forces

• The Rhodesians called their military action Operation NICKEL

• The Rhodesian security Situation reports

• The South African reinforcements

• Movement of supplies where possible should be done by train

• The first clash between the Rhodesian security forces and the guerrillas

• Running short of ammunition

• Change in movement of fuel by Shell

• Intelligence

• Rhodesian forces

• Trackers were invaluable

• Problems around encoding Situation Reports

• Media

• Flame throwers

• Napalm

• Casualty procedures

CHAPTER FIVE: The Luthuli Detachment in Popular History and Memory

• Rhodesians Claim 19 Terrorists

• What profile then, if any, did the Luthuli Detachment have in popular history and memory?

• Basil February

• What happened to Basil February, the first ‘Coloured' MK guerrilla who fell?

• James April

CONCLUSION

• Casualties

• What happened to the 80 members of the Luthuli Detachment?

• ANC-ZAPU men convicted in Rhodesia

• The ANC Chief of Staff becomes an askari

• How then do we assess the Wankie campaign?

• How well did the Luthuli Detachment carry out the task they set themselves?

• What actions can we now say were necessary and possible in any phase for the ANC and MK to have made progress?

• An international diplomatic wrangle erupts

• The Sipolilo campaign

• Rhodesia increase its national service after the Wankie campaign

• Consequential South African involvement

• Voluntary police corps for South Africa

• What impact did the Wankie campaign have on the ANC?

• Morogoro Conference

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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