From the book: History of Muslims in South Africa by Ebrahim Mahomed Mahida

References:

1. Mayson, J S, The Malays of Cape Town, Manchester, UK, Cave and Sever, 1865, p 7.

2. Seedat, Hassim, 'The First Recorded Settler was a Poitical Prisoner' in Post Natal, Durban, July 14-18, 1982.

3. Davids, Achmat, The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, Athlone, Cape, The South African Institute of Arabic and Islamic Research, 1980, pp 35-36.

4. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 36-37.

5. ibid, pp 37-38; Dangor, S E, Shaykh Yusuf, Mobeni, Durban, Iqra' Research Committee, n.d.

6. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 39-40.

7. Shell, Robert C-H, The Establishment and Spread of Islam at the Cape from the beginning of Company Rule to 1838, Cape Town, University of Cape Town [UCT], B A Honours thesis, 1974.

8. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, p 40.

9. ibid, p 39.

10. Boeseken, A J, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700, Cape Town, Tafelberg, 1977; The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, p 31.

11. Bradlow F R and Cairns, M, The Early Cape Muslims, Cape Town, A A Balkema, 1978.

12. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 42-46.

13. ibid, p 43; Davids, Achmat, The History of Tana Baru, Cape Town, Committee for the Preservation of Tana Baru, 1985, pp 48-52.

14. Da Costa, Yusuf, Islam in Greater Cape Town: A Study in the Geo­graphy of Religion, Pretoria, University of South Africa [UNISA], D Litt et Phil dissertation [unpublished], 1985.

15. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 17, 64; The History of Tana Baru, p 6.

16. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 44-46; The History of Tana Baru, pp 40­48; Lubbe G, 'Tuan Guru: Prince, Prisoner, Pioneer' in Religion in Southern Africa, Pietermaritzburg, University of Natal, 7:1, January 1986, pp 25-35.

17. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 93-110; The History of Tana Baru, pp 64- 68.

18. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 97, 114-126; The History of Tana Baru, pp 68-71, 77-78.

19. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, p 45.

20. ibid, pp 93-98.

21. ibid, p 68.

22. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, p 43; The establishment and spread of Islam..., pp 31, 55; Khan, Mirza Abu Talib Khan, Travels, tr by Charles Stewart, [3 volumes], London, 1814, vol l, pp 87-88 as quoted by S A Rochlin, 'Aspects of /slam in Nineteenth Century South Africa' in Bulletin of School of Oriental Studies, London, July 10, 1939, p 215.

23. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 46-47.

24. ibid, pp 63-65; The History of Tana Baru, pp 5-32.

25. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 45.

26. ibid, pp 97, 114-126.

27. ibid, p 91.

28. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, p 47.

29. The Muslim Views

30. Ajam, Mogamed, The Raison d'etre of the Muslim Mission Primary School in Cape Town and environs from 1860 to 1980 with special reference to the role of Dr A Abdurahman in the modernisation of Islam-oriented schools, Cape Town, UCT, Ph D dissertation, 1986; Shell, R C-H, From Rites to Rebellion: Islamic conversion at the Cape from 1805 to 1918, unpublished paper presented at David Brion Davis's Seminar, Yale University, 1981, p 6.

31. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 97, 127-137.

32. ibid, p 138.

33. ibid, pp 97, 136-147.

34. ibid, pp 45, 106

35. Seedat, Hassim, 'The Arrival of Muslims in South Africa' in Post Natal, Durban, July 14-18, 1982.

36. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 97, 148-158.

37. Pamphlet: Hazrat Badsha Peer [R.A.], Durban, 1984; Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, September 28, 1986 and February 14, 1988, p 4.

38. Muslim Views, Athlone, Cape Town, 1:10, October 1987, p 6.

39. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 52-54; The History of Tana Baru, pp 53­63; The Raison d 'etre of Muslim Mission Primary School..., pp 89-105.

40. Sulliman, E I, A Historical Study of the Largest Mosque in Southern Hemisphere, namely, the Juma Masjid, Durban, University of Durban­Westville [UDW], B A Honours thesis, 1985, p 5.

41. Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, October 29, 1989, p 2.

42. A Historical Study of the Largest Mosque..., p 5; A O Sema, The Juma Mosque, Durban, UDW, third year history project, 1985.

43. Shaikh, E H, The Zanzibari Muslims in South Africa, Durban, UDW, BA Hons thesis, 1985; Seedat, Z K, The Zanzibaris in Durban: A Social Anthropological Study of the Muslim Descendants of the African Freed Slaves Living in the Area of Chatsworth [Durban], University of Natal, MA thesis [unpublished], 1973; Oosthuizen, G C, The Muslim Zanzibaris of South Africa, Durban, UDW, Department of Science of Religion, 1982.

44. A Historical Study of the Largest Mosque..., p 6.

45. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, op cit, pp 62-84; The History of Tana Baru, pp 104-112.

46. A Historical Study of the Largest Mosque..., pp 13-14.

47. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 97, 172.

48. Haron, Muhamad, Imam Abdullah Haron: Life, Ideas and Impact, Cape Town, UCT, M A dissertation, 1986, p 57; The Raison d 'etre of the Muslim Mission Primary School..., pp 236-244; Mahomed, Sullaiman Shah, Journal of My Tours Round the World, Bombay, Duftur Ashkara Press, 1895, pp 8-15.

49. The Mosques of Bo- Kaap, pp 62, 70, 72, 81. 50. ibid, pp 97, 159-166.

51. A Historical Study of the Largest Mosque..., p 22.

52. Jamal, R C, A Study of the West Street Mosque in Durban, UDW, BA Honours thesis, 1986.

53. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 62-84.

54. ibid, 175.

55. A Historical Study of the Largest Mosque..., p 8.; The Junta Mosque.

56. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, p 97; Muslim Views, Athlone, Cape Town, 4:8, August 1991, p 8.

57. A Historical Study of the Largest Mosque..., p 9; Swan,

58. ibid, p 10; Seedat, H, ...

59. Smith, G R, 'A Muslim Saint in South Africa' in African Studies, Johannesburg, University of the Witwatersrand [UWITS], African Studies Institute, 28:4, 1969; Saib, Yunus, A Brief Survey of the Life and Contributions of Hazrat Soofie Saheb [R.A. ][I850-1910], Durban, UDW, BA Honours thesis, 1989.

60. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 97, 167-171.

61. 'The Zanzibari Muslims in South Africa'..., Post Natal, Durban, June 08, 1983.

62. The raison d'etre of the Muslim Mission Primary School..., pp 173-175.

63. ibid., p 161.

64. ibid., p 177; Imam Abdullah Haron:..., p 30.

65. A Historical Study of the Largest Mosque..., pp 32-34.

66. Imam Abdullah Haron:..., pp 57-58; Muslim Views, Athlone, Cape Town, 4:7, July 1991, pp 4-5.

67. The Raison d'etre of the Muslim Mission Prinrarv School..., pp 210-217.

68. The Views and News, Durban, 58:7, November 1972.

69. Golden Jubilee 1917-1967 Brochure, Durban, Madressa Anjuman Islam, 1967.

70. The Sunday Tribune Herald, Durban, 21 March 1982.

71. The Muslim Digest, Durban, Makki Publications, 38:10 & 11, June-July 1988, p 67.

72. Imam Abdullah Haron:..., p 15.

73. Ar-Rasheed, Johannesburg, Jamiatul Ulama Transvaal, 1:1, February, 1989; Pamphlet: Introduction to Jamiatul Ulama Transvaal Johan­nesburg,n.d.

74. Muslim Darul Yatama Wal Masakeen 54th Anniversary Brochure 1934- 1988, Durban, MDYWM, 1988; Mahomedy, M, A Study of the Muslim Darul Yatama Wal Masakeen [Muslim Home for Orphans and Destitutes], Durban, UDW, BA Honours thesis, 1986.

75. The Indian Views, Durban, 32:9, September 1945, pp 18-19.

76. Towards Understanding Islam, Durban, Young Men's Muslim Associa­tion, September 1945.

77. Minutes of Natal Muslim Council 1943-1945, Durban, UDW, Centre for Research in Islamic Studies; The Indian Views, March 20, 1942 and May 07, 1943; The Graphic, No 20, January 18, 1963, p 1.

78. Imam Abdullah Haron:..., p 17.

79. Naude, J A, 'Islam in South Africa: A General Survey' in Journal Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs, London, Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs, 6:1, January 1985.

80. Orient Islamic Educational Institute Brochure - Official Opening, Durban, Orient Islamic Educational Institute, 1960.

81. The Ramadan Annual of the Muslim Digest, Durban, Makki Publica­tions, 34:11, June 1984, p 289.

82. Brochure: Jamiatul Ulama Natal; AI-Jami 'at, Durban, Jamiatul Ulama Natal, 1:1, January 1988, p 4.

83. Minutes and Pamphlets of Arabic Study Circle, Durban, UDW, Centre for Research in Islamic Studies.

84. The Muslim Digest, 1:1, August 1950, p 3.

85. Madressa Anjuman Islam Annual Report, Durban, November 1988.

86. Imam Abdullah Haron:...; Abdur Rashid, The Impact of Death in Detention of Imam 'Abdullah Haron on Cape Muslim Attitudes, Cape Town, UCT, BA Honours thesis, 1987.

87. Post Natal, Durban, 22-25 September 1982. 88. ibid., September 8-11, 1982, p 3.

89. Islamic Propagation Centre and Assalaam [Second] Annual Report, Durban, IPC, September 1962; Jamal, R C, The Role and Contribution of the Islamic Propagation Centre International in the Field of Da 'wah, Durban, UDW, M A thesis [unpublished], 1991; Brochure: Assalaam, 1987.

90. The Mosques of Bo-Kaap, pp 97, 167.

91. Imam Abdullah Haron:..., p 69.

92. Orient Islamic Educational Institute Brochure...

93. The Role and Contribution of Islamic Propagation Centre...; The Muslim Digest, 11:8, March 1961, pp 18-21.

94. Hospital Welfare and Muslim Educational Movement, Reports: Cape Town, 1988, 1989.

95. Muslim Views, Athlone, Cape Town, 1:1, Sept/Oct 1986, p 1.

96. The Graphic, Durban, No 2, January 18, 1963, p 1.

97. Minutes and Reports of Arabic Study Circle, Durban, UDW, Centre for Research in Islamic Studies.

98. The Boorhaanol Recreational Movement Newsletter, Vlaeberg, Cape, Boorhaanol Recreational Movement [27th volume in 1992].

99. Views and News, Children's Day Number, Durban, Views and News, 53:23, August 15, 1968; The Leader, Durban, May 10, 1968, pp 7-10.

100 . The Daily News, Durban, May 23, 1981.

101 . Imam Abdullah Haron:..., p 21.

102. A Study of the West Street Mosque; The Graphic, Durban, September 14, 1979.

103. South African Statistics 1976, Pretoria, Department of Statistics, 1976, p 1.34

104. Brochure: An Introduction to the Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa, Durban, MYM, n.d.; Asmall, Ayesha M, The Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa with Special Reference to Issues and Challenges of the Present Phase, Durban, UDW, BA Honours thesis, 1987.

105. Pamphlet: Islamic Educational and Religious Trust, Durban, n.d.

106. Inqilaab, Durban, Muslim Students Association of South Africa, No 4, September 1976, pp 14-15; MSA Newsletter, Vol 1, August 1978, p 1.

107. The Institute of Islamic Shariah Studies - General Information Brochure, Surwell, Cape, May 1984, pp 1-8; AI-Qalam, Durban, 7:12 , December 1983, p 1.

108 . Darul Uloom Newcastle Newsletter, Newcastle, Darul Uloom, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992.

109. Minutes and Reports, Arabic Study Circle...; Brochure - Islamic Studies Department, Durban, UDW, 1991.

110 . Al-Qalam, Durban, 1: 1, May 1974.

111. Muslim News, Athlone, Cape Town, 13:5, March 09, 1973, p l.

112. 'History of the Formation of the Islamic Medical Association of South Africa' in 10th IMA Convention Brochure, Durban, 1990, pp 09-I5.

113. Islamic Council of South Africa First Annual Report, Durban, ICSA, November 1976.

114. Nurul Islam Masjid and Islamic Centre Reports, Lenasia, 1978.

115. Jaame Journal Annual Report, 1985-1986; Johannesburg, Jaame Limited; Post Natal, Durban, December 7, 1983.

116. The Tabligh, Durban, I : l, March 1976; Al-Balagh, 2:2, May/June 1977.

117. The Majlis, Port Elizabeth, 1:1, February 1976.

118. Al-Qalam, Durban, August 1984, p 3.

119. South African National Zakah Fund Annual Reports 1990, 1991, 1992, Durban, SANZAF.

120. Pamphlet: Sunni Jamiatul Ulama South Africa, Durban, n.d.

121. Pamphlet: Darul Quraan International Trust, Ladysmith, 1984.

122. Pamphlet: 'Introducing Islamic Dawah Movement of South Africa', Durban, IDM, n.d.; Ad-Da'wah, Durban, IDM, 1:1, July 1990.

123. 12th Annual Convention Brochure, Cape Town, IMA, 1992, pp 10, 16, 36.

124. The Graphic, Durban, June 19, 1981.

125. Muslim Views, Athlone, Cape Town, 2:3, May1988, p 13.

126. Ikhurani Eyingcwele, Jamiatul Ulama Natal, Durban, 1981,

127. Brochure: Muslim Development Foundation, n.d.

128. Post Natal, Durban, May 13, 1981; The Daily News, Durban, May 29, 1981.

129. South African Staistics 1982, Pretoria, Central Statistical Services, 1982, p 1.25

130. Brochure: Muslim Charitable Foundation, Durban, 1982, 45 p. 1

131. Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, June 20, 1982.

132. The Leader, Durban, June 25, 1982; Sunday Times Extra, Johannes­burg, July 4, 1982 and May 27, 1984.

133. Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, January 23, 1983, p 7.

134. Pamphlet: Darul-Uloom Zakariyya, Lenasia, Johannesburg, n.d.

135. The Daily News . Durban February 28, 1983 p 3 and July 26, 1983, p 6; The Natal Mercury, Durban, February 28, 1983, p 3; Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, August 26, 1984, p 14.

136. Muslim Views, Athlone, Cape Town, 3:1, January 1990, pp 10-11. 137. Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, November 11, 1984, p 4, and No­vember 18, 1984; Brochure: The Ahmedia School, Durban, n.d.

138. Imam Abdullah Haron:..., p 23; Farid Esack, 'Three Islamic strands in the South African struggle for justice' in Third World Quarterly, London, The Third World Foundation for Social and Economic Studies, 10:2, April 1988, pp 489-491.

139. Report: Islamic Educational Organization of Southern Africa, Durban, 1989, 1990.

140. Islamic Da'wah College International, Durban, IDCI, 1:1, April/May, 1988.

141. Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, April 22, 190, p 5.

142. Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, March 20, 1983.

143. Muslim Views, Athlone, Cape Town, 2:6, December 1988, p 8.

144. The Indicator, Lenasia, Johannesburg, 11-28 January 1991, pp l-5.

145. Post Natal, Durban, March 08, 1989.

146. Haron, M and Mohamed, Y, 'The Theory and Practice of Islamic Edu­cation with Reference to South Africa' in Perspectives of Islamic Education, Lenasia, Johannesburg, Muslim World League, n.d., p 12.

147. Muslim Views, Athlone, Cape, 3:6, June 1990, p 3.

148. Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, April 22, 1990.

149. The Weekly Mail, Johannesburg, October 12, 1990; Sunday Times Extra, Johannesburg, October 07, 1990; The Leader, Durban, October 26, 1990; Muslim Views, 3:12, December 1990, p 12.

150. Islamic College of Southern Africa - International Appeal Brochure, Gatesville, Cape, n.d., pp 1-13.