Cross border raids

 

1975 

August 

Invasion of Angola.

1978 

4 May

Air and ground strike on SWAPO refugee camp at Kassinga inside Angola; over 600 deaths

1981 

30 January

Matola, Mozambique; 12 killed, 3 abducted

1982 

9 December

Maseru, Lesotho; 42 deaths

1983

23 May

Air attack on Maputo, Mozambique; 6 deaths.

 

1 7 October

Maputo, Mozambique; no deaths

1984 

 

 Botswana; 3 deaths, execution style

1985

14June 

Gaborone, Botswana; 12 deaths

 

20 December

Maseru, Lesotho; 9 deaths (followed by coup against Chief Leabua Jonathan).

1986 

1 9 May

Simultaneous air and ground strikes on Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe during Commonwealth EPG mission to South Africa; 3 deaths

1987

 

Livingstone, Zambia; 4 deaths

 

May 

  Mozambique; 3 deaths

1988 

28 March

Gaborone, Botswana; 4 deaths

 

June  

Gaborone; 2 SADF members captured



Bomb attacks

1974 

 

Botswana; parcel bomb kills student leader Abraham Tiro

   

Zambia; parcel bomb kills John Dube

1981  

1 August

Harare, Zimbabwe; car bomb kills chief ANC representative Joe Gqabi

   

Gaborone, Botswana; car bomb kills ANC executive member

1982  

March   

  London (UK); ANC headquarters bombed

 

June     

Mbabane, Swaziland; car bomb kills 2 ANC representatives

 

August  

Lesotho; car bomb kills 1 person; ANC representative Chris Hani survives

 

1 7 August

Maputo, Mozambique; parcel bomb kills ANC member Ruth First

1984  

28June 

Lubango (Angola); letter bomb kills SACTU member Jeanette Schoon and daughter

1985 

13 February

Botswana, house of exile Nat Serache blown up

 

14 May

Gaborone, Botswana; car bomb kills exile Vernon Nkadimeng

 

1 July

Lusaka, Zambia; ANC headquarters bombed

 

16 November

Gaborone, Botswana; car bomb kills 4 exiles (including 2 children).

 

7 December

Lusaka, Zambia; parcel bomb injures ANC member.

1986

April

Maputo, Mozambique; car bomb injures 50, extensive damage.

 

8 September

Stockholm (Sweden); ANC offices bombed

1987

8 April

Gaborone, Botswana; car bomb kills 3, injures 2

 

1 4 May

Harare, Zimbabwe; booby-trapped TV set kills wife of ANC official.

 

1 7 May

Harare, Zimbabwe; ANC offices bombed

 

October

Harare; car bomb, survived by activists Joan and Jeremy Brickhill.

1988

January

Harare, Zimbabwe; grenade attack on ANC offices

 

January

Harare; car bomb injures exile Paul Brickfield. Bulawayo

 

January

Zimbabwe; car bomb kills 2 ANC members

 

20 January

Lusaka, Zambia ANC offices bombed, 4 Zambians injured

 

27 March

Brussels (Belgium); unexploded bomb found outside ANC offices

 

17 April

Maputo, Mozambique; car bomb severely injures ANC member Albie Sachs

 

December

Livingstone, Zambia; car bomb kills 2 and injures 13 others

1989

January

Zambia; 2 deaths in 2 bomb blasts



Cross-border abductions

1970's

 

Nduli, Joseph (Exile)

Abducted from

Botswana/Swaziland

   

Ndhlovu, Cleopas (Exile)

   

Ramotse, B.S. (Exile)

1981

30 January

3 persons

Abducted from Mozambique during

Matola raid.

1984

2 May

4 ANC members

From Swaziland

1986

July

Msibi, Sidney

From Manzini, Swaziland;

Returned November

 

August

Seme, Lucas (ANC)

From Swazi police cells

 

11 December

Schneider, Daniel (Swiss)

From Mbabane, Swaziland;

Released 2 days later after interrogation in South Africa by security police.

   

Bischoff, Corinne (Swiss)

 

11/12 December

Mzeni, Shadrack (ANC)

From Mbabane, Swaziland

   

Cele, Grace

   

Nyoni, Danger

 

15 December

Ebrahim, Ebrahim (ANC

From Swaziland; tried and convicted in South Africa court under ISA

1987

May

Nyanda, Sheila (ANC)

From Mbabane; released November 1988.

1989

March

Molapo, Sekhonyana

From Lesotho; released 9 days later after interrogation and attempts to recruit him as an agent

Source:

Coleman, M. (ed)(1998). A Crime Against Humanity: analysing the repression of the apartheid state, Johannesburg: Human Rights Committee

 

 

Cross border raids

 

1975Á‚ 

 

 

Cross border raids

 

1975Á‚ 

 

 

Cross border raids

 

1975Á‚ 

 

 

Collections in the Archives