Date

Place

Deaths

Alleged attackers

Victims

Remarks

1950

27 March

Witzieshoek, OFS

14

SAP

Peasants

Protest against policy of stock- culling.

1 May

Alexandra, other areas on the Reef

18

SAP

Residents

Police attacked general strike held in favour of full franchise and against discriminatory laws.

1952

 18 October

Port Elizabeth

11

SAP

Protestors

Events arising from defiance campaign.

 October

East London

10

SAP

Protestors

Events arising from defiance campaign.

1958

 May

Sekhukhuneland

16

Security

Forces

Peasants

Revolt against imposition of Bantu authorities.

1959

10 December

Old Location, Windhoek

25+

SAP, SADF

Residents

Resistance to forced removal.

1960

24 January

Cato Manor, Durban

9

Rioters

SAP

Hundreds of rioters ambushed a police raiding party.

21 March

Sharpeville

69

SAP

Protestors

Police opened fire on demonstrators.

6 June

Ngquza Hill, Pondoland

11

SAP

Pondo

tribesmen

Revolt against imposition of Bantu authorities; meeting of unarmed tribesmen attacked by heavily armed policemen.

1976

 16 - 21 June

Soweto

128

(Official

fig.)

SAP

Pupils/

residents

Uprising as a result of a march initiated by pupils against the use of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction.

1978

4 May

Kassinga, Angola

600+

SADF

Namibian

refugees

Air and ground strike on SWAPO refugee camp.

1980

17 June

Elsies River, Cape Town

25

SAP

Pupils

School boycotts and general rioting.

1981

30 January

Matola, Mozambique

12

SADF

ANC

Cross-border raids by commando group of army.

1982

9 December

Maseru, Lesotho

42

SADF

Residents/

ANC

Cross-border raid on Maseru.

1983

20 May

Pretoria

19

ANC

SADF/SAP

personnel

Car bomb attack, SAAF headquarters.

23 May

Maputo, Mozambique

6

SAAF

Residents/

ANC

Impala jet strike on 6 alleged ANC bases.

1984

3/4 September

Vaal Triangle

26

SAP

Protestors

Residents protesting over rent increases clashed with police.

1985

18 - 19

February

Crossroads, Cape Town

18

SAP

Residents

Police dispersed 400 shack dwellers protesting against forced removal to the newly built township of Khayelitsha.

21 March

Langa, Uitenhage

20

SAP

Residents

Police opened fire on funeral procession.

14 June

Botswana

13

SADF

Residents/

ANC

Commando raid on 10 alleged ANC homes and offices.

26 June

Kwa Thema

10

Police spy

Township

youths

Activists use booby-trap grenades.

 5 - 14 August

Durban townships

70

SAP/

vigilante/

residents

SAP/

residents

Police, amabutho and activist dash.

11 August

Duncan Village, East London

23

SAP

Residents

Police action during protest.

 28 - 31 August

Cape Town

31

SAP

Residents

Rioting after Mandela march.

18 November

Queenstown, Eastern Cape

14

SAP

Residents

Police used violence to break up a township meeting.

21 November

Mamelodi, Pretoria

12

SAP

Residents

Police opened fire on crowd gathered to protest the army's presence in the township, high rents, and restrictions on the holding of funerals.

20 December

Lesotho

9

SADF,

Lesotho

Liberation

Army

South

Africans (6),

Lesotho

nationals (3)

Renegade Lesotho Liberation Army claimed responsibility for the attack, while the Lesotho government blamed South Africa.

30 December

Guguletu, Cape Town

11

Vigilantes

Residents

Police allegedly refused to intervene in clashes between 'Fathers' and 'Comrades' following the killing of a community councillor.

1986

1 January

Moutse, Kwa Ndebele

12

Kwa

Ndebele

vigilantes

Residents

Kwa Ndebele vigilante attack on Moutse villagers triggered by government's promise that Moutse would be transferred to the homeland on New Year's Day

2 January

Moutse, Kwa Ndebele

8

SAP/SADF/

residents

SAP/

residents

Keerom and Klopper villages under police and SADF siege following protest meetings in response to Moutse's incorporation into the KwaNdebele homeland.

 15 - 21

 February

Alexandra '6-day war'

27

SAP/SADF/

residents

Residents

Police and youths clashed after the funeral of a schoolboy who was killed by a shopping complex security guard.

3 March

Guguletu

7

SAP

ANC

Police ambush on alleged ANC guerrillas.

8 March

Motetema, Lebowa

6+

SAP

Funeral goers

Violence erupted when police tried to stop mourners from Pretoria, Witbank and other areas from attending the funeral of an unrest victim.

26 March

Winterveld,

Bophuthatswana

11

Bophuthatswana

police

Protestors

Bophuthatswana police opened fire on a 5000-10000 strong crowd gathered at a meeting called by youths to discuss detentions and police brutality.

26 March

KwaZakele, Port

Elizabeth

13

SAP

Rioters

Police fired shots to disperse a large crowd that stormed a bottle store.

23 April

Alexandra

9

SAP/

residents

Residents

Police and residents clash after rent stayaway called by the Alexandra boycott committee.

 13 - 14 May

Vlaklaagte, Kwa Ndebele

12

Villagers

SAP/

Mbokotho

Residents

Funeral of Mbokotho victim sparked widespread violent demonstrations against 'independence'; one such gathering of 25 000 was violently dispersed by police.

 17 - 26 May

Cape Town squatter camps

44

SAP/vigilantes

Residents

Police/'witdoeke' and 'comrade' clashes.

 20 - 25 May

KwaMashu

11

Youth/amabutho

Youth/amabutho

Youth and amabutho clashes.

 9 - 11 June

Cape Town squatter

camps

21

SAP/vigilantes

Residents

Police/'witdoeke' and 'comrade' clashes.

6 July

Katlehong Vosloorus,

East Rand

9

Unknown

East Rand development board officials!

assailants

Development board members shot while patrolling township in two attacks.

 26 - 27 August

White City, Soweto

24

SAP

Demonstrators

Police and residents clash over rent boycott.

1987

21 January

KwaMakutha, Durban

12

Vigilantes

Residents/guests at Ntuli family home

Family of UDF supporter gunned down.

25 September

KwaShange,

Pietermaritzburg

13

SAP

Inkatha

Youth

Brigade

Group of men attending a meeting in a house attacked by group including 3 off-duty police officers.

1988

3 December

Trust Feed, New

Hanover, Natal

11

SAP/IFP

Residents

Attack on all night funeral vigil aimed at remedying lack of support for Inkatha chairman Jerome Gabela.

1989

6 September

Cape Town

29

SAP

Protestors

Attack on election protestors.