In one of the largest demonstrations staged in this country's history, 20 000 women of all races marched to Pretoria's Union Buildings on 9 August 1956, to present a petition against the carrying of passes by women to the prime minister, J.G. Strijdom. This famous march is celebrated and commemorated through a national public holiday in South Africa on the 9th of August every year. This is known as National Women's Day and was first celebrated in 1995. The march against the pass laws was organised by the Federation of South African Women (FSAW or FEDSAW). The Federation famously challenged the idea that 'a woman's place is in the kitchen', declaring it instead to be 'everywhere'. Although Prime Minister J.G. Strijdom was not at the Union Buildings to accept the petition, the women of South Africa sent a public message that they would not be intimidated and silenced by unjust laws. After the petition was handed over to the secretary of the prime minister, the women sang a freedom song: Wathint` abafazi, Strijdom! Since then, the phrase 'wathint' abafazi, wathint' imbokodo' (You Strike a Woman, You Strike a Rock) has come to represent the courage and strength of South African women. As a group that has been marginalised, they challenged the oppressive barriers that governed their lives and fought for their freedom and that of their families'. Visit our feature 'History of Women's struggle in South Africa' for further information about South African Women's Day.
9 August 1956
20 000 Women march to the Union Buildings in protest of pass laws
- Updated
- 5 Aug 2020

How we know this
- 01South African History Online, 'The Women's Struggle in South Africa' , [online], Available at: www.sahistory.org.za [Accessed: 3 August 2010]
- 02Unknown (2005). Pretoria 1855-2005: Chronologie 1798-1935, Bylaag tot Rekord.
- 03Evans A.B., 'Women's Anti-Pass Law Campaigns in South Africa' [online] Available at: africanhistory.about.com [Accessed: 8 August 2013]
Last updated · 5 Aug 2020
South African History Online. (2011, March 16). 20 000 Women march to the Union Buildings in protest of pass laws. South African History Online. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0011836
South African History Online (2011) '20 000 Women march to the Union Buildings in protest of pass laws', South African History Online, 16 March. Available at: https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0011836 (Accessed: 22 October 2026).
South African History Online, 20 000 Women march to the Union Buildings in protest of pass laws [website], https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0011836, (accessed 22 October 2026).
"20 000 Women march to the Union Buildings in protest of pass laws." South African History Online, 16 Mar. 2011, https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0011836. Accessed 22 Oct. 2026.
South African History Online. "20 000 Women march to the Union Buildings in protest of pass laws." South African History Online. March 16, 2011. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0011836.
Also on 9 August
- 1905Moses Mauane (Malume) Kotane, political functionary of the SACP and compositor of the communist newspaper Umsebenzi, is born
- 1922Sheila Cussons is born
- 1945USA drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki
- 1960A 13-year-old Welsh school-girl’s letter reaches the wrong hands
- 1975Moses Kotane receives Isitwalandwe/Seaparankoe
- 1987The National Union of Mineworkers start South Africa’s longest wage strike
- 1995South Africa celebrates the first National Women’s Day
- 2000Mbeki unveils Women’s Monument at Union Buildings
Further reading
History of Women’s Struggle in South Africa
Recollections of the Resurrection of Women’s Day, 40 Years Ago by Julie Wells
Zuleikha Mayat
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