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Grade 12 - Topic 2 - Independent Africa

Article
… of African socialism Gained independence from Britain on 09/12/1961. Source:   … 1972 Abeid Amani Rashid Karume ASP 11 Apr 1972 - 30 Jan 1984 Mwinyi Aboud Jumbe ASP/CCM 30 Jan 1984 - 24 Oct 1985 Ali Hassan Mwinyi CCM 24 Oct 1985 - 25 Oct …

Political executions

Article
… (reason for execution) Boesman, Mangena Jeffrey, 35 1989/09/29 Death of informer school teacher in Sterkstroom, … 1963/11/02 Poqo members. Killings in Paarl. Lebajoa, Peter 1984/08 ANC members. Treason/murder of farmer (1978). … 22 1986/09/09 Pre ANC members. Killing of Benjamin Langa (1984). Pretoria Pilapi, Khatazekile 1963/05/08 Poqo members. …

List of deaths in detention

Article
… cause 1963 1. Ngudle, Solwandle 2. Mampe, Bellington 05/09 ??/09 41 ? Kompol, Pretoria Worcester 17 140 Suicide by … 23 23 Nelspruit Prison Protea Police Sta., Soweto 14 <1 1984 57. Tshikudo, Samuel 58. Sipele, Mxolisi 59. Mthethwa, … 23 23 Nelspruit Prison Protea Police Sta., Soweto 14 <1 1984 57. Tshikudo, Samuel 58. Sipele, Mxolisi 59. Mthethwa, …

List of uMkhonto weSizwe Operations

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… Transvaal. One member killed, 2 SAP members injured 09/09/77  SAP Security Branch (SB) personnel:  Leonard Nkosi; … township offices - explosion causes R60 thousand damage 1984 According to the Institute for Strategic Studies, … Pretoria, there were 44 MK attacks during this year. 1984  Skirmish with SAP:  Mapetla - one MK member killed; no …

Durban Mayors and other city officials

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… (1901 - 02) J Ellis Brown (1902 - 05 ) C Henwood (1905 - 09 ) Waiter Greenacre (1909 - 10 ) FC Hollander (1910 - 13) W … (1978 - 80) Mrs S C Hotz (1980 - 84) Neil MacLennan (1984 - 85) Stanley H Lange (1985 - 87) Henry P Klotz (1987 - … (1978 - 80) Mrs S C Hotz (1980 - 84) Neil MacLennan (1984 - 85) Stanley H Lange (1985 - 87) Henry P Klotz (1987 - …

Nguni Stick Fighting

Article
… Online   http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/nguni 13.09.2016 ↵ [ii]Cotzee HM, 2002, Zulu Stick Fighting: A …   http://ejmas.com/jalt/jaltart_Coetzee_0902.htm 12.09.2016 ↵ [iii] ibid ↵ [iv]Cotzee HM, 2002, Playing Sticks: … 10.09.2016 ↵ [v] ibid ↵ [vi]ibid ↵ [vii] Cotzee HM, 2002 Zulu …

‘Liberated’ Slaves? by Joline Young

Article
… Saunders, Between Slavery and Freedom, (Kronos Vol. 9, 1984). Christopher Saunders, ‘Liberated Africans’ and labour … Saunders, Between Slavery and Freedom, (Kronos Vol. 9, 1984), pp. 36 ↵ [iv] Anna Maria Rugarli, Eyes on the Prize: … Saunders, Between Slavery and Freedom, (Kronos Vol. 9, 1984), pp.37 ↵ [viii] Christopher Saunders, ‘Free, Yet …

Elections in post Apartheid South Africa

Article
… 0 Dikwankwetla Party of SA 0.10 19 451 0 Federal Party 0.09 17 663 0 Minority Front 0.07 13 433 0 Soccer 0.05 10 575 0 … the enactment of the Black Local Authorities Act of 1984 and the Community Councils the Act merely helped … the enactment of the Black Local Authorities Act of 1984 and the Community Councils the Act merely helped …

Biography of Miriam Makeba by Narcy Negrete

Article

#Am I Next? A Global Question

Article
… 2020), Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/09/gender-based-violence-in-africa/ ↵ [2] V. Cruywagen, … 2020), Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/09/gender-based-violence-in-africa/ ↵ [4] T. Head, “Femicide … 2020), Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/09/gender-based-violence-in-africa/ ↵ [7]A. Sicetsha, “WEF …

PUBLIC RESPONSE TO SAHO WEBSITE

Article
… Kefilwe Sesinyi From: khlubi@yahoo.com Sent: 28 June 2008 09:27 AM To: info@sahistory.org.za Subject: Public Feedback … south africa. From: Therese Benade Sent: Mon 2008/04/28 09:57 PM To: info@sahistory.org.za Subject: Comments on the … From: fish eye [mailto:fisheye10@hotmail.com] Sent: 09 April 2007 04:38 PM To: info@sahistory.org.za Subject: …

The Heritage Museum at Villa Zain by Joline Young

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… Notes [1] Interview with Mrs Zainab (Patty) Davidson 30.09.09 ↵ … “People who come here say how alive this place is. … Notes [1] Interview with Mrs Zainab (Patty) Davidson 30.09.09 ↵ … The Heritage Museum at Villa Zain by Joline Young … …

References and links: Learning from Leaders

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Documents, speeches, Awards, and articles relating to Desmond Tutu

Article
… Doctorate of sacred Theology, Columbia University. 1984 – Nobel Peace Prize, Norway. 1984 – Martin Luther King Jnr Humanitarian Award. 1986 – … oor 1000 jaar , Kaapstad: Human & Rousseau Fraser, R. (1984). Keesing's Record of World Events , Longman: London, p. …

South African Prime Ministers from the National Party

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… of President today): Following constitutional reforms in 1984, the office of State President became an executive post, … Johannes Vorster (1978-1979) Marais Viljoen (1979-1984) Executive: Pieter Willem Botha (1984-1989) Frederik Willem de Klerk (1989-1994) Other …

Township Uprising, 1984-1985

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… the stayaway, school boycott and march for 3 September 1984, which led to clashes with both police and township … little notice of township revolts in the first months of 1984, and only started to get involved as a result of police … and began to arrest and detain leaders of the UDF in late 1984. State repression of the UDF meant that it could only …

General South African History Timeline: 1980s

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… in the formation of the United Democratic Front (UDF) in 1984. 1981 KwaNdebele proclaimed a self-governing territory. … of the South African Defence Force. Commenced: 3 September 1984, except ss 48, 49(1)-(3), 50 & 102(9): 24 February 1984. Repealed by the Constitution of Republic of South …

Indian South Africans timeline 1980-1989

Article
… 817 white families were resettled, mostly to better areas. 1984 Billy Nair becomes active in the United Democratic Front … the national executive as well. He was detained in August 1984, just before the Tricameral elections, with Archie … 817 white families were resettled, mostly to better areas. 1984 Billy Nair becomes active in the United Democratic Front …

Namibian Timeline

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… in English at the University of Zimbabwe until 1988. [52] 1984, December The community newspaper, Bricks, was launched … had a theatre group as well as activist training. [53] 1984 Namibia’s National Archives established the Archaeia series and began to publish. [54] 1984 Namibian Women, a quarterly magazine published by the …

Black South African Poets of the 1970’s and their Publications

Article
… 1977     Children of the Earth 1983     Selected Poems 1984 Mafika Gwala Black Writing in South Africa   1979     …   Behold Mama Flowers 1978   Writing as Cultural weapon   1984 Ingoapele Madingoane   Afrika My Beginning 1979 Chris … 1977     Children of the Earth 1983     Selected Poems 1984 Mafika Gwala Black Writing in South Africa   1979     …

Cape Youth Congress (CAYCO)

Article
… for 2 years of its earlier existence. This lessened in 1984 when Mzunani Rosebury Sonto was elected as president of COYCO in 1984. CAYCO was largely responsible for the growth in popular … stronghold of the ANC. For instance, after his election in 1984, Sonto helped mobilize support among the youth for the …

List of SADF raids into Neigbouring Countries

Article
… 6 deaths.   1 7 October Maputo, Mozambique; no deaths 1984     Botswana; 3 deaths, execution style 1985 14June  … Mozambique; parcel bomb kills ANC member Ruth First 1984   28June  Lubango (Angola); letter bomb kills SACTU … 3 persons Abducted from Mozambique during Matola raid. 1984 2 May 4 ANC members From Swaziland 1986 July Msibi, …

The people armed, 1984-1990

Article
… to a mutual non-interference pact, at Nkomati in March 1984. Under the terms of the Nkomati Accord South Africa was … the ANC’s ability to operate inside the country. As 1984 progressed, black opposition escalated. On 6 April the … storage depot was sabotaged. Furthermore, on 3 September 1984, the day the new constitution was promulgated by the …

Nobel Prizes and South African Laureates

Article
… our best and brightest. What do 10 December 1961 , 1984 and 1993 have in common? 1961 - Albert Luthuli received the Nobel Peace Prize. 1984 - Bishop Desmond Tutu received the Nobel Peace prize … Congress in South Africa... read more . Desmond Tutu , 19841984 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate: Bishop of Johannesburg …

People involved around the Death of Samora Machel

Article
… minister Pik Botha at the signing of the Nkomati Accord in 1984 Samora Machel Roelof Pik Botha Lothar Neethling Dr Abdul … minister Pik Botha at the signing of the Nkomati Accord in 1984 Samora Machel Roelof Pik Botha Lothar Neethling Dr Abdul …

Vakalisa Art Association

Article
… two volumes of poetry and five calendars for the years 1984, ‘85, ‘86, ‘89 and ‘92. People Rashid Lombard … The … two volumes of poetry and five calendars for the years 1984, ‘85, ‘86, ‘89 and ‘92. … Vakalisa Art Association … …

The Tricameral Parliament, 1983-1984

Article
… the National Party (NP), and once it became a reality in 1984, it unwittingly paved the way for the dissolution of … to mobilise one million people to sign against apartheid, 1984. © THE SAHA EPHEMERA Collection It was hoped that the … not as successful as had been hoped. It ran from January 1984 until the middle of the year, but only managed to …

1960 - 1994: Armed Struggle and Popular Resistance

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… Published March 31, 2011 Updated January 23, 2025 1984-1990:- The people armed Introduction Numerous factors … to a mutual non-interference pact, at Nkomati in March 1984. Under the terms of the Nkomati Accord South Africa was … the ANC's ability to operate inside the country. As 1984 progressed, black opposition escalated. On 6 April the …

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