SAHO global search

… plans to tackle the pass laws for blacks (both men and women) with massive protests, civil disobedience and pass … of emergency, hundreds of arrests were made and in April 1960 the ANC and newly-formed PAC were banned as lawful … Ngoyi and Joseph , had been detained. Some went into exile and worked for the ANC, such as Ruth Mompati , for …

… List of women who died in exile …

… 1990s: Women in the pre-election period …

… "Tribal Reserves" carved out by the 1913 Land Act. Between 1960 and 1985, approximately 3.5 million Africans were … Bantustans were inhabited largely by poverty-stricken women and children since men migrated annually to work in … organisations. When the SACP was unbanned in February 1990, its strength was difficult to estimate because many …

… of the Commonwealth in 1961. The liberation movement and exile  These political transformations had a tremendous … those killed were South African refugees, including three women and a six-year-old child. Two Batswana citizens and a … to take South Africa to the United Nations (UN), SA Foreign Minister Pik Botha was forced to negotiate. South …

… – not South African but actively involved with S.A. exile arts Thami Mnyele Gavin Jantjies David Barkham Ray … List of South African Artists in Exile …

… Artist In Exile - Dumile Exhibition …

… South African artists in Exile …

… Congress (ANC) was formed in 1912, it did not accept women as members. In 1918, the government threatened to … a petition against pass laws. The banning of the ANC in 1960 disrupted the activities of the Women's League as … forced to go underground. Many women leaders fled into exile and those that were left behind could not organise …

… mass funerals were held for the victims. On 24 March 1960, in protest of the massacre, Regional Secretary General … in Durban. On the day passes were suspended (25 March 1960) Kgosana led another march of between 2000 and 5000 … but while on bail he left the country and went into exile. This march is seen by many as a turning point in South …

… - the nature of internal resistance to Apartheid before 1960 Internal resistance against apartheid began in the … The African National congress The Freedom Charter The women Resistance movement Sharpeville Massacre Rivonia Trial … g.za/dated-event/european-community-lifts-sanctions-against-sa See: …

… of the ANC, SACP and PAC skipped the country and went into exile where they established offices, military training bases … an impact that spun into the following decade, the 1970s. 1960 Both the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan … and house arrests. 16 June, The bodies of three young women who had been hacked and stabbed are found in a …

… they were planning an anti-pass campaign on the 31 March 1960, the PAC decided to spearhead their efforts by planning … and remaining leaders 'who weren't in prison - went into exile. Nana Mahomo, Peter Molotsi and Peter Raboroko managed … 1981 when John Pokela was released from Robben Island. In 1990, the ban on the ANC and PAC was lifted. The PAC started …

… government faced unprecedented internal revolt – both in 1960 and in the 1980s – an Emergency was declared. This … a short space of time, and an exodus of some to a life in exile. In 1960, for the first time, the government was faced … a new era of democratic rule in South Africa. Image from “SA press clips supplement “the State of emergency: June …

… Yusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1960 - 1969 1960 March 16, The Boycott Movement, in London, … , Vella Pillay and Abdul Minty , South Africans in exile, play a significant role in the Boycott Movement.  The … The police open fire on an unarmed crowd, killing 69 men, women and children and wounding 186.  In Langa, Western Cape, …

… armed only with the bible under his arm, confronts the SA forces during their attempts to break up a demonstration. … government’s determination to cut links between the ANC in exile and its networks within South Africa. The Apartheid … one another. Resistance Deepens and Expands: The Role of Women and the UDF Frances Baard speaking at the launch of the …

… On 30 March 1960, Philip Kgosana led a Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) … but while on bail he left the country and went into exile. This march is seen by many as a turning point in South … banned under the Unlawful Organisations Act of 8 April 1960. Both organisations were deemed a serious threat to the …

… The organisation disbanded in August 1991. In January 1990, the UDF began putting together the pieces of an … with the ANC. The UDF therefore spent the first months of 1990 rebuilding its structures, and restructuring on a … into South Africa as a whole. In the second half of 1990 the UDF focused more on reconstruction and less on …

… Indian South Africans Timeline: 1960-1969 1960 19 February, Dr Monty Naicker called for … stall holder, sportsmen and sporting organisations, men, women and youth, to rally to the decision demanding a … calls and police raids, euphemistically called 'visits'. Exile was difficult, but was the only way for them, in Kader …

… 1960 21 March , In a peaceful anti pass march led by the PAC … the ANC in 1960 and the reconstruction of its mission in exile, the ANC formed a strategy of establishing productive … possessing a pass. May, Chris Hani begins his journey into exile first travelling to Soweto where he stays with a family …

… 1984-1990:- The people armed Introduction Numerous factors … government's determination to cut links between the ANC in exile and its networks within South Africa. The Apartheid … one another. Resistance Deepens and Expands: The Role of Women and the UDF Frances Baard speaking at the launch of the …

… apartheid. The aftermath of the Sharpeville Massacre , in 1960, signalled the beginning of a far more brutal and … This was not the case. Some of the leaders went into exile overseas, while others stayed in South Africa to pursue … Bantustans were inhabited largely by poverty-stricken women and children since men migrated annually to work in …

… Secretary General at first national conference of ANC Women's League. Geraldine Fraser-Moleketi returns from exile at request of CPSA. She resumes work as personal … of the army. August, Trade agreement between Hungary and SA. 6 August, African government and the ANC, according to …

… List of people who died in exile …

… apartheid. The aftermath of the Sharpeville Massacre , in 1960, signalled the beginning of a far more brutal and … This was not the case. Some of the leaders went into exile overseas, while others stayed in South Africa to pursue … Bantustans were inhabited largely by poverty-stricken women and children since men migrated annually to work in …

… General of the ANC, Chief Albert Luthuli , announced that 1960 was going to be the "Year of the Pass." Through a series … the PAC would launch its own anti-pass campaign. Early in 1960 both the ANC and PAC embarked on a feverish drive to … "PAC Campaign will be test," published in the 19 March 1960 issue of Contact,  the Liberal Party newspaper, …

… In addition, the ANC worked on establishing itself in exile, working closely with countries and individuals who … ’ document as a way of giving new impetus to the struggle. 1960 Both the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan … the ANC in 1960 and the reconstruction of its mission in exile, the ANC formed a strategy of establishing productive …

… 1959-1960: Formation, Sharpeville and Banning For many years there … campaign was finalised on 18 March, and set for 21 March 1960. The weekend was spent spreading pamphlets about the … Incident both the PAC and ANC were banned in April 1960. … The Anti-Pass Campaigns 1960 …

… provide psychiatric help to those cadres stationed there. 1960 the banned SACP starts writing a journal called the … internationals support and structures for the ANC in exile. 14 July, 1960 The SACP announces publically that it … was a national democratic revolution. January 1963 The SA regime places a blanket ban on all named and banned …

… France, named 'Nelson Mandela Square' Awards 1990s 1990 March, Granted freedom of the City of Harare, Zimbabwe. … Received Sheikh Yusuf Peace Award from the Moslem Women's Federation 6 October, Received the Arthur A Houghton … December, Human Rights Lifetime Achievement award by the SA Human Rights Commission, Johannesburg. 2002 New hall of …