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ArticleThe Freedom Charter by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 10) Time for a Chartist Movement The idea of the Freedom Charter and the…
ArticleTransition to Armed Struggle by Norman Levy
Transition to Armed Struggle The brief respite from the Treason Trial which ended on 29 March 1961 and the Rivonia arrests in July 1963 was a period of…
ArticleA Short History of ESKOM, Part 2 (2001-2022)
Following on from Part 1, this article seeks to analyse some of the historical and present dynamics bedevilling ESKOM. Over the past twenty years, ESKOM’s…
ArticleThe South African Communist Party and Mozambique
The South African Communist Party and Mozambique Introduction The Mozambique Liberation Front, popularly known by its Portuguese acronym, FRELIMO (Frente…
Resistance Photography and Mobilization of the Resistance, 1946-1976
Before presenting the history and impact of resistance photography we must consider the historical moment in which resistance photography in South Africa came…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1990-1999
1990 2 February, President F. W. de Klerk makes a speech at the opening of Parliament, announcing the lifting of a 30-year ban on the ANC, the Pan African…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1990-1999
During the 1990s, behind-the-scenes negotiations between the government and the ANC gathered pace. As part of that process, the ANC, PAC and other parties were…
Article1967 Terrorism Act, No. 83 of 1967
The 1967 Terrorism Act was one the most important pieces of legislation passed by the South African apartheid regime. Though the Act’s stated purpose was to…
ArticleHistory Grade 10 - Topic 1 European Societies
Important events and systems in European Societies during the 1600’s Robb Schultz, “Europe leading into the 17th century (1600’s)”Image Source The…
ArticleHistory Grade 10 - Topic 6 Contextual Overview
A. The Mineral Revolution ↵ In this section we will briefly discuss the discovery of gold in the Witwatersrand and the Gold Rush. We will also discuss how…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 2000 -2010
During this period the ANC consolidated its hold on power but also faced both internal and external challenges. Significantly, the National Party, which was…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1980-1989
The 1980s witnessed an increase in attacks launched by the ANC through its armed MK inside South Africa. Conversely, the government responded by stepping up…
Documentary Photography and Awakening the International Community, 1976-1994
Documentary Photography is not encouraged because I think it threatens the core of what this country is about. It’s a very powerful medium, it touches on…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 2011 - 2020
AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS TIMELINE — 2011 – 2020 2011 8 January 2011 African National Congress (ANC) President Jacob Zuma delivers the traditional ANC…
ArticleA Charge of Treason by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 12) A Charge of Treason When detectives invaded the Congress of the People on 26…
ArticleLiberation history Timeline 1960-1969
The 1960s witnessed the banning of both the ANC and the PAC in the aftermath of the Sharpeville Massacre. In response to the banning, both parties were forced…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 4 Contextual Overview
Figure 1.1. With his call to put “America First”, Donald Trump is the latest recruit to a dangerous nationalism. Flagrantly authoritarian figures like Donald…
ArticleThe African Mine workers strike of 1946
Introduction The strike by some 76,000 black miners in 1946 was one of the most significant examples of industrial action by black workers in South Africa…
ArticleNatal Workers’ Theatre in the 1980s
Introduction Starting in the late 1970’s and reaching its height in the 1980’s, the South African province of Natal (now known as KwaZulu Natal – KZN) saw a…
ArticleTimeline 20 years of Democracy 1994 to 2014
1994 27 April,South Africa's interim constitution which was adopted in November 1993 came into effect on 27th April 1994 to administer South Africa’s first…
ArticleIndenture: A new system of slavery?
Was the system of indentured Indian labour "a new system of slavery"?as Hugh Tinker entitles his book? The answer would depend on how the reader defines the…
ArticleA timeline of Zuma-Gupta issues from Nenegate to the firing of Pravin Gordhan
1993 The Guptas arrive in SA. 1994 The Guptas establish Sahara Computers. The Guptas fund Essop Pahad’s publication, The Thinker. 2002 Jacob…
ArticleOn Trial: State versus Abram Fischer and Thirteen Others by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 16) On Trial State versus Abram Fischer and Thirteen Others The change from…
ArticleA history of the South African Constitution 1910-1996
The New Constitution was negotiated between May 1994 and October 1996 in the country's first democratically elected convention, the Constitutional Assembly…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1930s
9 July, The Executive of the South African Indian Congress (SAIC) meets in Durban and appoints S.R. Naidoo as the SAIC's nominee to the Young Committee. Albert…
Polokwane the Segregated city
Contents The Segregated City, 1910-1948 The Apartheid City A decade of Turbulence, 1976-86 Ructions within Afrikaner Politics Forced removals in the…
ArticleHistory of Women’s Struggle in South Africa
Women at the start of the 20th centuryIt is only over the last three or four decades that women's role in the history of South Africa has, belatedly, been…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1980s
1980 is declared the Year of the Charter, marking the 25th anniversary of the adoption of the Freedom charter in 1955. 1980 SACTU declares the year as…
General South African History Timeline: 1970s
1970 11 June, It is announced that Security Police have arrested the leader of the Soweto Students’ Representative Council (SSRC), Dan S. Montsitsi in…