SAHO global search

… A Crime Against Humanity - Analysing the Repression of the Apartheid State edited by Max Coleman, (Cape Town) Repressive … Repression in December 1989. This document summarizes the many forms of repression evolved by apartheid forces and used … by the international community. Repression takes many forms, from the blunt controls of legislation to the …

… not move forward much. It was in this climate that anti-apartheid organizations in the country realized that they … some of them regarding influx control and job reservation. Many people however saw these reforms as merely cosmetic, as … much one organization by itself, but rather a grouping of many different organizations all acting together. The UDF …

… between black and white people. At this time there was no apartheid policy in place, but the government did want to … in white areas, leading to the establishment of townships. Many men continued to come to the city without their wives, … their wives could not stay. They stayed in rooms with many other men. Women increasingly came to the towns to get …

… The Ndebele and the apartheid state When the Nationalist Party was elected to … and Lebowa did little to lessen the idea among many Ndebele that they too warranted a separate homeland. … existing system of white bigotry and Apartheid racism, led many Ndebele, Northern and Southern, to organise themselves …

… women played a very important role in the struggle against apartheid. Today when we think of the leaders of the struggle … For this reason they had more to struggle against, and many women are still resisting oppression as a result of … did not need to carry passes, but because there were many black women working in the Bloemfontein area, the …

… a platform of racism and segregation under the slogan of 'apartheid’. Apartheid built upon earlier laws, but made … In South Africa the white people are in the minority, and many were worried that they would lose their jobs, culture … era of ' petty apartheid ,’ when the Nationalists passed many new racist laws to enforce a racially separate and …

… The reaction of the outside world to the development of apartheid was widespread, and by the 1980s posed a sustained … that has subsequently been used to weaken or displace many other dictatorial regimes. A poster produced in 1971 by … Thabo Mbeki and the Pahad brothers (Aziz and Essop), among many others, all settled in England for periods and used it …

… Background and policy of apartheid Before we can look at the history of the apartheid … because they did not share the skin colour of the rulers. Many were kept just above destitution because they were … in South Africa the white people are in the minority, and many were worried they would lose their jobs, culture and …

… of black people and perhaps to their liberation. Many times they have manifested a fighting spirit … the white-made homelands and for unknowingly helping the apartheid government consolidate its policy of separate … “For white South Africa, a man like Buthelezi ...solves so many conscience problems ...The combination of Buthelezi and …

… Africa faced a poor white epidemic. The state justified Apartheid as an "anti-poverty program for whites". [1] This … that left farms in ruins. [2] Under these circumstances many impoverished farmers, who later became known as “ … Afrikaners ”, were forced to move to urban centers. [3] As many of these poor whites were unskilled, they were unable to …

… in international affairs remained important throughout apartheid. The South African government needed to rely on the … criticise apartheid, and anti-apartheid groups existed in many countries to increase this criticism. Initial opposition … this reason fell beyond the scope of the United Nations. Many Western countries agreed with this claim, but …

… University partnership project During the times of apartheid, Blacks were continuously sent to prison for little … difficult to resist apartheid. While it is well known that many black South African men were imprisoned and tortured by … and sometimes even pregnancy made them an easy target to many security guards. Although life in prison for the woman …

… same year, 1948, when the National Party came to power, apartheid started. Apartheid resulted from white people’s … profile in terms of foreign relations did not look good. Many countries began ending their relationship with South … was a bit lenient with South Africa regarding apartheid. Many countries in the UN felt that apartheid was South …

… or bottom of the page Introduction During the 1980s , the apartheid government came under increasing internal pressure. … system of governance tampered with, but did not challenge apartheid. The reforms had the opposite affect to what the … school, rent and consumer boycotts. Violence erupted on many occasions, and the Government responded by declaring a …

… that the new Government in South Africa was committed to "apartheid" and the domination of all non-White peoples by the … which had given rise to a loss oflife of so many Africans and led to internationalfriction, and called … Boycotts of South African goods were being implemented in many countries: labour organisations refused to service South …

… held in Brussels in 1927, where ANC members met many anti-colonial fighters from all across the world.  … from Britain. He would later become a leading public anti-apartheid activist in the UK. 1949 Vella Pillay moves from … moves its headquarters to London. Previous to this, many key members had been based there, such as Mac Maharaj, …

… special reference to the campaigns in Britain by the Anti-Apartheid Movement Paper prepared for the United Nations Unit … is such an essential part of true sportsmanship that many clubs and international bodies have express provisions … held. Because of the high cost of international travel, many members from African and Asian countries are usually …

… name of an undercover counterinsurgency division of the apartheid police that operated in the 1980s. Vlakplaas is … launched Vlakplaas in response to the escalation of anti-apartheid  armed resistance [5] . Eugene de Kock, former … unsolved. Vlakplaas remained hidden from the public  for many years as it was a secret hideout for apartheid police. …

… Sarandon. It is interesting to note that most of the anti-apartheid films using foreign actors have been commercial … Why have so many major South African films featured non South Africans in …

… The Nationality and Flag Act of 1927 Segregation and Apartheid Laws as Applied to Indians (1859-1994) Nationality … with the ultimate aim of segregation. Segregation and Apartheid Laws as Applied to Indians (1859-1994) The Rural … landowners, local authorities and government officials many ways of evicting people or demolishing their houses to …

… won the election, and began to introduce the policy of apartheid. The African National Congress (ANC) reacted … full and the police service would be thrown into chaos. Many were arrested for using ‘white’ amenities, not carrying … of the year 42 ANC leaders had been banned. This caused many problems for the ANC. Albert Luthuli became president of …

… as precedent for the 1954 Native Resettlement Act. This apartheid law authorised the forced removal of Africans from … of South Africa (1958-66), the Western Areas were “for many years a source of difficulty,” and, as of late, sources … Sophiatown undermined the legal framework of apartheid in many ways, most overtly by existing as an African suburb. …

… armed struggle, the internationalisation of South Africa’s Apartheid policies and the growing division between black and … (Photograph © BAHA) Much of the art produced during Apartheid that in some way was critical of the state's … or 'Resistance Art’.  This term has been argued over by many commentators, historians and critics, but there is very …

… A Crime Against Humanity - Analysing the Repression of the Apartheid State edited by Max Coleman, (Cape Town) 'Total … threat. This ingenious invention was intended to serve many purposes: to win the support of Western governments; to … and members of the security forces in a covert manner. Many of these people at present hold senior positions in …

… pressure, both internal and international, on the apartheid state. The riots also played an important role in … that was to be held by the federation and other anti-apartheid organisations in Durban in protest of Meer's … (particularly in Natal) in 1973 and between 1973 and 1975 many new trade unions were formed. Women such as Linda Komape …

… people died from so-called black-on-black violence, and many others were killed by police suppression. Consumer … lives in violence. Both the IFP and the ANC were against apartheid, but the IFP worked within government structures. … the police often took the side of the IFP, and there are many proven cases of the police being involved in causing …

… they were largely responses to new measures passed by the apartheid government in the 1950s. One of the factors that … The Defiance Campaign of 1952 falls into this category. In many of the cases though, spontaneous outbreaks of protests happened frequently. At the centre of many of the protests of the 1950s was the boycott of public …

… Despite an international campaign to save their lives, the apartheid government went ahead with the execution. Arguably, … in particular – the 1960s and the 1980s – witnessed many political executions. While Pretoria Central prison was … thousands of activists were detained and imprisoned, while many others fled into exile. The clampdown precipitated the …

… organisations. The gathering was the biggest crowd of anti-apartheid groupings since the mass meetings of the Congress … proposals but in a short time it became the leading anti apartheid political movement within the country, with more … sympathetic to it. With the unbanning of the ANC in 1990 many of the prominent UDF members joined the ANC. Soon …

… of the African National Congress (ANC). The USSR and Anti–Apartheid 1950-1985 The State of Soviet Knowledge of Africa … those who had undergone training were advancing in age, many of them were in their late thirties, becoming too old to … infantry officers in Perevalnoye, and the next year many were to embark on five-year courses to become helicopter …