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… Bartholomew  Moru Hlapane was  born in 1918 in in the Ficksburg distric of the Orange Free State. Hlapane was a factory worker. A traitor to the African … defendant until 1958 in the 1956 to 1961 treason trial,Hlapane was detained for six months in 1963. In November 1965 …

… limited her movement and activities according to ‘Group B’ restrictions. For five years Albertina was not allowed to … magisterial district of Johannesburg. Although the ‘Group B’ restrictions were less severe than those of ‘Group C’ (24 … and control” because its leaders; Albertina, Eufemia Hlapane and Gertrude Shope , were confirmed communists. In a …